Guy de Bourgogne Pope Calixtus II
- Born: Abt 1060, Château de Quingey, Quingey, Doubs, Franche-Comté, 25440, FR 1
- Died: 13 Dec 1124, Roma (Rome), Lazio, IT aged about 64 1
- BuriedMale: Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano (Archbasilica of St. John Lateran), Roma, Lazio, IT 1
General Notes:
GUY de Bourgogne (Château de Quingey [1060]-Rome 13 Dec 1124, bur Rome Lateran Church). Orderic Vitalis names his father, his parentage being confirmed by his own reference to his brother Hugues Archbishop of Besançon in his letters. William of Tyre specifies that Pope Calixtus II was previously named "Guido", but does not specify his origin other than calling him "secundum carnem nobilis" and that he was "consanguineus" of Emperor Heinrich V. The birth order of the children of Guillaume I Comte Palatin de Bourgogne is uncertain. Most authorities place Guy after his brother Hugues, but if his supposed birth date is correct he must have been one of the older sons. Archbishop of Vienne 1088. Administrator of Besançon 1107/09. A fierce critic of Pope Pascal II's capitulation to Emperor Heinrich V concerning the right to appoint bishops, Guy presided over a synod at Vienne Sep 1112 which declared the practice of lay investiture heretic and excommunicated the emperor. He was elected Pope CALIXTUS II by a small group of cardinals, crowned at Vienne 9 Feb 1119, his election being ratified in Rome retrospectively 1 Mar 1119. After an attempt to negotiate a compromise with the emperor, he confirmed the prohibition of lay investiture at Reims 29/30 Oct 1119, moving on to Rome which he entered triumphantly 3 Jun 1120. He besieged Sutri in Apr 1121 and forced the surrender of anti-Pope Gregory VIII, whom he humiliated by parading him on a camel through Rome. From a position of power, he was able to negotiate the end to the emperor's right of spiritual investiture, while maintaining his right of temporal investiture, agreed in the Concordat of Worms 23 Sep 1122 and ratified by the First Lateran Council in Mar 1123. The Series Episcoporum Viennensium records the death "1124 XIV Kal Ian" of "sanctus Guido frater Stephani Burgundie principis", specifying that he was elected Archbishop of Vienne in 1088 and was buried in Rome "in ecclesia Lateranensi".
Events
• Title: Archevêque (Archbishop) de Vienne, 1088. 1
• Title: Pope Calixtus II, 1119. 1
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